JUNETEENTH

 June 19

by
Lauren Kuntzman
and 
Kathy Petras

Juneteenth Flag
The white star stands for Texas. The curved arc represents a new horizon 
Wiki Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?

June 19th, 1865, in Galveston, Texas, Union General Gordon Granger proclaimed  that "The people of Texas are informed that in accordance with a Proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free." 

From Whitehouse.gov

The "Executive" was Abraham Lincoln who had died April 15, 1865 from an assassin's bullet. The "Proclamation" was the Emancipation Proclamation that had freed all slaves in Confederate Territory on January 1, 1863. 

However, the proclamation was hard to implement in states that were still under Confederate control. Only as Union troops moved into Confederate territory were they able to enforce the proclamation. And even though the Robert E. Lee had surrendered on April 9, 1865, Confederate troops held out in many places for weeks after. As the furthest west Confederate state, Texas was late to come under Union control.

Celebrating Granger's proclamation was immediate in Texas with feasting, song, dance and prayer. One year later, the first "official" Juneteenth took place. "Juneteenth" being a blending of "June" and "nineteenth".

Over decades the celebration spread throughout the country, each community developing its own tradition.

In 1980, Texas made it a state holiday, followed by Florida in 1991, Oklahoma in 1994, and Minnesota in 1996. Other states followed suit. Ohio proclaimed it in 2006. 

States that adopted Juneteenth as a holiday prior to the 2021 Federal recognition.
Red states recognized it before 2000. Yellow States recognized between 2000 and 2009. 
Blue states recognized between 2010 and 2021.
South Dakota (in grey above) did not codify the celebration until 2022.
Wikipedia

 

And in 2021, the U.S. Senate unanimously passed an act making it a National Holiday. 

And on June 19, 2022 Medina will officially celebrate Juneteenth for the first time.

And following the traditions from the first Juneteenth, the day will start with a church service, followed by speakers, including Danita Harris from WEWS, vendor tables, food trucks featuring soul food and traditional Southern cooking, African drummers and the Mojuba! Dance Collective from Cleveland.

Join your neighbors and friends in celebrating this landmark day!

In honor of Juneteenth, here are 5 resources to help you research African American ancestry: 

1. African American Heritage
Search historical records specific to African Americans to trace your genealogy or to do research. Visit https://mcdl.info/OnlineLearning and access with your library card.

2. Ancestry - Freedmen's Bureau Records
Search 3.5 million records from 1846-1874 to learn about previously enslaved people moving from slavery to citizenship and freedom. Free access to Ancestry at MCDL branches.

3. Black Freedom Struggle in the United States
Explore newspaper articles, diaries, correspondence and more, from periods in U.S. history marked by the opposition African Americans have faced on the road to freedom. Access at https://blackfreedom.proquest.com.

4. Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936 to 1938
Explore 2,300 first-person accounts of slavery and 500 black-and-white photographs of former slaves. Access at https://www.loc.gov/collections/slave-narratives-from-the-federal-writers-project-1936-to-1938/about-this-collection.

5. Last Seen: Finding Family After Slavery
Search 2,500+ newspaper ads by formerly enslaved people seeking information on loved ones after emancipation. Includes 275 U.S. newspapers, published between 1865 and 1920. Access at https://informationwanted.org.

Sources:

• Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Juneteenth". Encyclopedia Britannica, 19 Apr. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Juneteenth. Accessed 9 June 2022.
• Higgins, Molly, "Juneteenth: Fact Sheet", Congressional Research Service, R44865,  https://crsreports.congress.gov  , accessed 9 June 2022. 
• "Juneteenth.com" https://www.juneteenth.com/   accessed 6-9-2022.
• "Presidents: Abraham Lincoln 16th President of the United States",  The White House, https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/abraham-lincoln/  , accessed 9 June 2022.
• Sipos, Lorraine, "Why Juneteenth Matters" Medina Weekly News, 2 June 2022, pp. 1-2
• Wikipedia contributors, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, accessed 9 June 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juneteenth&oldid=1092090534
• Wikimedia Commons contributors, "Juneteenth Flag", Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository,   https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? , accessed 9 June 2022.

Most Overlooked Family History Resource - Periodicals

 

Family Tree Magazine, Internet Genealogy and Your Genealogy are just three of the family history
 related magazines that Medina County District Library subscribes to.

Most public libraries invest money and precious space to their magazine collections. And that holds true for genealogical collections too. 

However, to the dismay of family history librarians, the magazines are not used much by our members.

We get it. Finding time to read magazines is hard. Four magazines are sitting on my desk right now waiting for me to "have a spare moment" to read them. 

But if we make the time for them, we can get so much out of them!

How they can help our research

• Their articles cover research methods and sources to broaden our genealogy education
• They offer the opportunity to discover the history & people of a location
• They reveal what resources historical and genealogical societies have
• They provide a place to pose questions and get help tackling that brick wall

Genealogical publications can be classified into several categories

 Magazines/journals  

• General interest magazines - Like the ones pictured above feature many how to articles on general, ethnic and foreign research. Just in these issues items covered are:
• Scanning your photos & documents
• Italian Roots
• Pennsylvania Research Guide
• African American Research
• US Social Security & Delayed Birth certificates
• And much, much more!
• Regional- the magazines below cover regional topics, specifically, Ohio family history research, Ohio history, and New England ancestry. Articles include:
• Cases where DNA has upended people's identities
• Letters from an ancestor who had participated in the Women's Club movement
• An interview with author, Conrade C. Hinds about his book Lost Circuses of Ohio
• The restoration of the Warren G. Harding home and construction of his presidential library in Marion, Ohio
• "Women on the Ohio Canals", and
• "Ohio Civil War Veterans Buried in DeKalb County, Illinois"
• Scholarly - journals, like The Register,  present case studies of New England ancestor's using the most stringent research criteria. It is a great learning tool for resolving brick walls and conflicting data. This issue contains articles on:
• "Excommunication of Mayflower Passenger William White..."
• "Sorting Out Several Daniel Lanphear Men"
• "The Second Wife of Moses Gile of Hampstead, New Hampshire; Which Mary Clark?"

Ohio Genealogical Society Quarterly is the OGS' journal that comes with membership

in the Society. Echoes comes with membership in the Ohio Historical Connection. And

American Ancestors is part of membership to the New England Historic Genealogical 

Society (NEHGS). 

The Register is another publication
from NEHGS that is more scholarly.

Newsletters - are more casual publications than magazines or journals. They tend to have a limited audience, aren't printed on glossy paper, and don't have bindings. But don't underestimate them! They are published by:

• Historical/genealogical societies
• Libraries
• Counties/regional/state societies
• Surname/family groups
• Ethnic/nationality populations

Spencer Town Crier, Past Pursuits, The Medina County
Story, The Medina County Historical Society (formerly
Smart Talk) and the Chatham Historical Society Newsletter.

These newsletters are in the local history collection at the Virginia Wheeler Martin Family History & Learning Center at the Medina Library.

They inform about local happenings and recount historical events. Local genealogical society newsletters often have a section where you can post queries and get responses from local historians. Past Pursuits is the newsletter for the Special Collections Division of the Akron-Summit County Public Library.  They highlight their databases, list when new materials they've acquired and list any special events or classes at the Library.

PERSI - 

is the PERiodical Source Index created by the Allen County Public Library in Fort Wayne, Indiana. They index genealogical and historical magazines and newsletters from around the world. Want to know if there are articles in Colorado publications about your ancestors? Run a search through PERSI. Once you find an article you want, you can get it directly from Allen County or use your local library's interlibrary loan service. (There may be a fee for this service.) PERSI is available on FindMyPast. The easiest way to access it is to type "findmypast persi" into your favorite search engine. 

Online magazines/journals - some magazines don't require a trip to your local library or bookstore to check out and read. They are available:                                                                        

• Through online personal subscriptions or memberships
• Through popular reading apps, such as Overdrive and Flipster which are available through your local library.

Wherever and however you find them, genealogy magazines, journals and newsletters are an invaluable resources that you cannot affor

Medina's Soldiers' Monument

  Every Memorial Day in Medina, the flags unfurl, the veterans' form up, marching bands tune-up and most of Medina shows up for the annual Memorial Day Parade. 

The entry to Spring Grove Cemetery

Starting in front of the Medina Court House with the laying of the wreaths in front of the World War II Memorial, the parade winds clockwise around the square and heads east on Liberty Street to Spring Grove Cemetery where everyone gathers around the base of the Soldiers' Monument for the annual remembrance of all the military personnel who have lost their lives in service to our country.

Memorial Day 2015

At the center of the activities at Spring Grove Cemetery is the beautiful statue of a Civil War soldier on top of 16 foot base. A gorgeous memorial to the many soldiers who died during that bloodiest of American wars.

But what do you know of the statue? How long has it been there? How was it paid for? Who created it?

Today, we are going to delve into the history of this Medina symbol of remembrance.

Just three months after the end of the Civil War, a meeting was held at the Medina Court House on June 24th 1865, to form a Soldiers' Monument Association of Medina County to erect a monument on Public Square to honor the fallen soldiers. A committee was appointed. Fundraisers were held. Company A of the 79thth Battalion of the National Guard donated $265. A design was picked out. It was to be an eagle with a flag in its beak on a huge 10 foot square base.  The editor of the Gazette urged that it was best to  have one large impressive monument at the county seat that many smaller memorials scattered throughout the townships.

And then nothing happened.

Except, Chatham Township was not waiting around for the money to be raised for a monument to be erected in the village of Medina. 

On July 26th of 1866, Chatham dedicated their Soldiers' Monument. It may have been the first in Medina County.

This is the base of the 1866
monument in Chatham. It still
stands in the village park.

  

The festivities included a parade headed by the Cornet Band. H.G. Blake was one of the many speakers. The Declaration of Independence was read. An abundant picnic filled with all the delicious food that the Chatham women were famous for was enjoyed by all. 

The monument was twenty-three feet high and had the names of all the soldiers from Chatham who had served in the Union army.

Chatham had "taken the lead."

The "new" Chatham Soldiers' Memorial
The eagle appears to be the original
from the 1866 monument.

Chatham recommended that all of the other townships also honor their heroes with a monument. And only after that "...then all the townships as one come up liberally and help erect a County Monument which will do it honor and beautify the park at the County Seat in commemoration of all the brave boys who fell in our Country's cause." (July 6, 1866 Medina Gazette)

Other towns and villages were erecting monuments; Tiffin, Sandusky, New Philadelphia and Elyria all had monuments, but still nothing happened with Medina's memorial.

Mound Hill Cemetery in Seville
The stone records that the
flagpole was donated by a 
Georgia Foundation in 2009

In 1872, describing Seville's Memorial Day parade, the Gazette reported that the parade ended at the Mound in Mound Hill Cemetery "upon which it is the purpose of the citizens of Seville to erect a soldier's monument." It is not clear whether they ever did so. Today, this is what stands on top of the Mound in Mound Hill Cemetery. 

In 1876, the County Board of Commissioners reported that they had $511.83 in donations for the purpose of erecting a Soldiers Monument at the county seat (Medina) in their annual report. 

Still, nothing happened.

In 1878 an issue was put on the ballot proposing a tax to fund the erection of the Soldiers' Monument. It would have been .2 of a mill on property tax. The election was held on 8 October 1878. The proposal failed by 226 votes. Interestingly Chatham Township was one of the six locations where the issued failed heavily.

Results from the 1878 election on taxation towards the erection of a Soldiers' Monument
in Medina. The underlined locations heavily defeated the measure.

So again, nothing happened.

In 1881, the Young Men's Debating Club donated $5.30 of leftover money from their accounts to the Soldiers' Monument Fund.

Earlier, in 1878, soldiers from the Civil War met and voted to organize a "Soldiers' Union". This union later became the Grand Army of the Republic.  Or G.A.R.. The G.A.R. campaigned heavily for soldiers' pensions and soldier's homes.

The G.A.R., in 1882 inquired whether it would be possible to " procure one or more condemned cannon for the soldiers' monument which will sometime be erected here." The Honorable A.S McClure of the U.S. House of Representatives agreed it should be possible. But in 1883, the U.S. Senate was concerned about how many "condemned" cannons were available to fulfill the requests coming in from across the nation. Ultimately, they postponed a decision indefinitely. 

So yet again, nothing happened.

There was movement on another front. Concern had been growing about the lack of space and the proximity of the Old Town Cemetery. In 1882, "Chamberlain's Cow Pasture", 34 acres on the east edge of Medina, was purchased for $34,000. The new cemetery was named Spring Grove.

In May of 1887, The Democrat, a rival newspaper, urged that a Soldiers' Monument finally be erected. The Gazette countered that the suggestion was "not timely" but that the idea "in the near future ought to be taken hold of in earnest." They never explained why it wasn't timely or why it would be more timely "in the near future."

Less than a year later, the timing was finally right. The G.A.R got involved and things started happening:

1888

• At the March G.A.R. meeting, the post commander reported that the County Commissioners were willing to turn over the accumulated funds, now totaling $1400, to a Monument Committee. The post immediately formed a committee.
• The trustees of Spring Grove Cemetery offered the donation of a suitable plot for the placement of the monument.
• The Ladies Aid Society donated $115. Other fundraisers were held.
• In April, D. Hemmeter, a local marble cutter, traveled "east" in interest of the soldiers' monument.
• June 1 - a call went out in the Gazette asking for pledges towards the final costs, shipping and installation of the monument. Quickly 179 names appeared in the lists of subscribers, promising over $770 towards the project.

• 

  Just some of the subscribers, pledging money to the
  monument  Medina Gazette, June 1, 1888, page 5.

  Over the next several months, more subscriber lists appeared in the Gazette, pledging another $250.
• By October 19, the monument, minus the statue had arrived. The installation began. The statue arrived a few days later.
• A November 9th Gazette article reported that the dedication service was to be held on November 10th a 1 p.m.. The parade was to form up at Smith and Broadway and following the Medina Cornet Band, they were to march from Broadway to Liberty and east on Liberty to the Cemetery, much how the current parade route follows.
• However, the parade did not happen on the 10th. It was the fault of northeast Ohio's November weather - extremely heavy rains forced the postponement. It was rescheduled for the 21st of November.
• The November 23rd article described the parade route as "starting at Smith and Broadway, they marched west on Smith to Court Street, then north on Court Street to Washington. They traveled west on Washington to Prospect, and north on Prospect to Liberty, east on Liberty to Court, south on Court street to Washington, east on Washington to Broadway, north on Broadway to Liberty and east on Liberty to Spring Grove. No explanation was given for the change in route, but I have another theory to explain it.

This excerpt from the 1874 map of Medina shows the parade route taken in 1888, starting at the "Public School" in the bottom center of the picture. Why detour four blocks west? The stars on the left indicate the homes of the McDowell brothers, who had each married one of H.G. Blake's daughters. O.H. McDowell was the driving force behind the recent push and fundraising that brought the project into reality. R.M. McDowell was "President of the Day" and his daughter, Kate McDowell, along with Lizzie Kunitz, unveiled the monument. So the parade detoured eight blocks so it would wind past the McDowell homes. (This map pre-dates the purchase of the Chamberlain "cow pasture" for the Spring Grove Cemetery, which would eventually be on the far right of this map)

The November 23rd, 1888 Medina Gazette has very detailed coverage of all the speeches and events of the day. And it includes this first portrayal of the Soldiers' Monument in place:

Medina County Gazette 23 November 1888, page 1.

The article goes on to describe the monument:

• Local marble cutter, D. Hemmeter had been given to contract to oversee the project.
• The statue was made in Quincy, Massachusetts.
• The monument was made in Concord, New Hampshir.e
• The "mound" was 3 feet high and 120 feet in circumference.
• The foundation is 7 feet deep.
• The bottom base is 6"6" square and 20" thick.
• The second base is 5 feet square and 15" thick.
• The third base is 4'2" square and 19" thick.
• On the third base's faces are carved the words "Vicksburn", Chickamaugua", and "Gettysburg".
• The plinth is 3'4" square and 1 foot thick.
• The die in the center is 2'1" wide and 3'2" high and has columns at each corner. The columns are 11" in diameter
• The cap plinth is arched shaped, 3 foot square and 20 inches thick.
• The pedestal is 3' 9" high and 2'10" thick.
• The statue is 6' 6" high on a 6" base.
• The soldier stands at rest, with both hands on his musket. The cape of his overcoat is thrown over his shoulder and he wears a regulation cap.
• When first erected, the statue could be seen from Public Square. Homes and trees now obstruct that view.

In 1897, Medina finally got their cannons to place on the mound that hold the monument. (Nelson) Terry Hart has written an excellent treatise on the history of the cannons. They were slated to be used as scrap metal during World War II, but somehow they were saved.

While Medina has cancelled their Memorial Day Parade this year, there will be a remembrance on Public Square: Medina's Memorial Day 2021  Wherever you are, please take a moment to reflect on all those Soldiers, Sailors, Marines, Coast Guardsmen and Airmen who gave their lives in defense of our country.

And although Medina's Monument was not the first erected in the county, it certainly wasn't the last either. Here are just a few of the other military memorials in Medina County:

Obscured by flags in preparation for Memorial Day, Litchfield's stone reads
"Dedicated to our Nation's Defenders 1936"

Situated in the middle of Lodi, this monument's dedication reads, "This monument is erected
and dedicated by the people of the community of Lodi to the memory of all our men and women
who served with the armed forces of the United States in any of her great conflicts."

 In addition to the monument on the top of the mound in Mound Hill Cemetery, Seville also has this memorial dedicated to "Cy" Hewet  Jr. at the entrance to the park that bears his name:

Spencer has this very modern monument in their park just east of the village:

York Township has this World War II monument in front of their township buildings in Mallet Creek:

Also, located in Medina City, in front of the Veterans' Services Building, is this Vietnam memorial:

And finally, Medina County is privileged to be the home of this national cemetery that honors all of our country's veterans -

SOURCES:

• Bank Notes, 1 August 1950, page 3 
• Cannons of Spring Grove by Nelson (Terry) Hart.
• Combination Atlas of Medina County and Ohio, 1874
• History of Medina County Medina County Historical Society, 1948.
• History of Medina County and Ohio, Baskin and Battey, 1881.
• Medina County, Coming of Age Joann King.
• Medina County Gazette
• 24 June 1865, page 3 
• 1 July1865, page 3 
• 2 February 1866, page 2
• 6 April 1866, page 3
• 6 July 1866, page 3
• 31 January 1868, page 3 
• 7 June 1872, page 2
• 3 October 1873, page 2
• 7 December 1877, page 3
• 13 September 1878, page 6
• 11 October 1878, page 7
• 19 September 1879, page 7 
• 1 April 1881, page 2
• 3 June 1881, page 7
• 28 April 1882, page 5
• 13 May 1887, page 5
• 9 March 1888, page 5
• 23 March 1888, page 5
• 20 April 1888, page 5
• 4 May 1888, page 5
• 11 May 1888, page 5
• 25 May 1888, page 5
• 1 June 1888, page 5
• 31 August 1888, page 5
• 19 October 1888, page 5
• 26 October 1888, page 5
• 9 November 1888, page 5
• 16 November 1888, page 5
• 23 November 1888, page 4 
• 4 June 1937, page 4
• 29 September 1942, page 1
• 27 May 1955, page 1 
• Medina County Sentinel 
• 29 May 1908, page 5 
• 29 May 1908, page 5
• Medina Sun
• 5 August 1999, page A3

Unless otherwise noted, all photos were taken by and remain the property of  Kathy Petras.

Major Update to the Digital Archives!

  In order to provide greater access to even more Medina County newspapers, The Digital Archives has undergone a MAJOR update.

If you are new to the Digital Archives, Lauren did an excellent blog on this fantastic database on February 17th: Introducing the Digital Archives of MCDL The blog tells what is included in the database and how to search and save the articles.

What is different?

Now, if you are inside one of the Medina County District Library branches you have access to more publications and more years.

For example, I used the database extensively to research the history of the Girl Scouts in Medina County for last week's blog.

From the remote, publicly-available access to the database my results looked like this:

Notice that the search returned 537 results and it lists six publications covering the decades 1910 (remember the Girl Scouts were founded in 1912) through 1970.

From within any of the six Medina County District Library locations, the search results look like this:

Notice the search has now returned almost double the results with 936 entries. The publications represented is now 10, including some very unique items held by the Medina County Historical Society and the Lodi Harrisville Historical Society. Match Tips was a company newsletter put out by the Ohio Match Company in Wadsworth. Bank Notes was published by the Savings Deposit Bank in Medina.

The years represented now cover the 1980's and 90's. Even the 1970's now has 292 search results compared to 183 pages in the publicly available version of the database.

Access is still through https://www.mcdl.info/newspapers

To access the expanded coverage, visit any of the MCDL branches: Brunswick, Buckeye, Highland, Lodi, Medina or Seville.  Hours and locations can be found here: About Us

So why have two different levels of access depending on where you use the database? 

Copyright law. 

U.S. copyright law says that publications 95 years or older are in the public domain, which allows anyone to use it. For newspapers, that means anything published in 1926 or older is in public domain. And any newspapers published after 1977 are protected under current copyright law.

But the years 1927-1977? 

It depends. Those years are a grey area in copyright law. IF the newspaper published a compliant copyright notice, then they are protected. We have not found a published copyright notice for the Medina newspapers for those years. *

*http://www.advantagearchives.com/blog/the-advantage-companies-newspaper-copyright-law/#:~:text=The%20copyright%20laws%20we%20refer,therefor%20they%20have%20copyright%20protection.